Clinical practice: review. Can we prevent prostate cancer?

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men. It is common in Australia, New Zealand, North America and North West Europe, but rare in Asia, Africa and South America. OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the role of chemopreventive agents for prostate cancer. The available evidence strongly suggests that dietary changes and supplementation with a variety of micronutrients, vitamins and trace elements may reduce the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer. DISCUSSION: Epidemiologic observations reveal lower cancer rates in those with diets rich in fruits, vegetables, vitamins, and a number of specific foods.This available data is adequate to clinically apply the role of various factors to possibly reduce the incidence of prostate cancer.